Passage 8
While one in five people in China have symptoms of a sleep disorder, only one in 10 who exercise regularly report problems sleeping, according to a study released on Thursday by the Chinese Sleep Research Society.
The COVID-19 epidemic has also deepened the divide in sleeping patterns between couch potatoes and regular exercisers, as people who lead sedentary lifestyles and often sleep badly are less inclined to work out due to travel restrictions, causing further kerfuffle to their circadian rhythms, the study said.
Experts said the results provide a strong impetus for people suffering persistent sleep disorders, such as insomnia, irregular breathing and frequent nightmares, to incorporate more exercise into their lives or upgrade their workout regimes. Sleep disorders and insufficient sleeping hours have become more prominent in China in recent years. Acute insomnia turning into chronic insomnia has to do with a common mistake people make after a night or two of poor sleep. Even among those who have struggled for years with insomnia, many continue to employ this same counterproductive strategy.
Experts said that the common, insomnia-perpetuating error that most people commit is that they try to make up for lost sleep; they take naps, they go to bed early, and they sleep in late. "All of this contributes to sleep dysregulation." Ellit, one of the experts suggested that they should not try to make up for lost sleep. Instead, they should stick to their usual sleep-wake routine even on days when they’re exhausted and dying for a nap or a sleep-in. "I tell people to be awake in the service of sleep," he says. "If you build up enough sleep debt, sooner or later that will be enough to force you into deep and prolonged sleep. The ship will right itself."
The study also found that exercising for at least half an hour daily, doing more full-body cardio exercises such as swimming and boxing, and working out more in the morning, are some of the key factors that contribute to high-quality sleep at night. Those who incorporate weight lifting in their workout plans find it easier to pull themselves out of bed every morning after waking up, the study said. People who prefer ball sports, planking and sit-ups report longer periods of slow-wave sleep, or deep sleep, it said.
36. Which of the following is the reason of turning acute insomnia to chronic insomnia?( )
A. Irregular breathing.
B. Taking naps for lost sleep.
C. Frequently staying up late.
D.Anight or two of poor sleep.
【答案】B。细节题。以下哪一个是急性失眠转变为慢性失眠的原因?定位到原文第四段 Acute insomnia turning into chronic insomnia has to do with a common mistake people make after a night or two of poor sleep.可知急性失眠症转变为慢性失眠症与人们在一两个晚上睡眠不好后犯的一个常见错误有关。由此可知 D 项错误，一两晚睡眠不好并不是原因。而这个“常见错误”在第五段开头 Experts said that the common, insomnia-perpetuating error......they try to make up for lost sleep; they take naps, they go to bed early, and they sleep in late. "All of this contributes to sleep dysregulation."可以看出专家指出人们常犯的错误是打盹、早睡和晚睡，而这些都会导致睡眠失调。因此 B 项符合。选项 A：呼吸不规则;选项 B：用打盹儿来弥补失去的睡眠;选项 C：经常熬夜;选项 D：一两个晚上睡眠不好。AC 项都未提及，无中生有。故本题正确答案选 B。
37. Who are easier to get up every day? ( )
A. People regularly do ball sports.
B. People regularly do some weight lifting.
C. People do more full-body cardio.
D. People exercise for more than an hour a day.
【答案】B。细节题。谁每天更容易起床?通过 easier to get up every day 定位到原文最后 一 段 Those who incorporate weight lifting in their workout plans find it easier to pull themselves out of bed every morning after waking up, the study said.可知研究表明，那些将举重纳入锻炼计划的人发现每天早上醒来后更容易从床上爬起来。所以 B 项正确。选项 A：人们经常进行球类运动;同样在最后一段，喜欢球类运动的人，其慢波睡眠或深度睡眠时间更长;选项 B：人们经常举重;选项 C：人们做更多的全身有氧运动;最后一段提到全身有氧运动是促成夜间高质量睡眠的关键因素之一;选项 D：人们每天锻炼超过一小时;原文没有提及。故本题正确答案选 B。
38. What is Ellit's suggestion for sleep-disordered people? ( )
A. Building up enough sleep debt.
B. Doing exercises.
C. Building new sleep-wake routine.
D. Making up for lost sleep.
【答案】A。细节题。Ellit 对睡眠紊乱的人有什么建议?定位到倒数第二段......suggested that they should not try to make up for lost sleep. Instead, they should stick to their usual sleep-wake routine even on days......If you build up enough sleep debt, sooner or later that will be enough to force you into deep and prolonged sleep. The ship will right itself."可知其建议睡眠紊 乱的人不应该试图弥补失去的睡眠，如果积累了足够的睡眠负债，这个问题自然会得到解决。 所以 A 项正确。选项 A：积累足够的睡眠负债;选项 B：做运动;选项 C：建立新的睡眠觉醒程序;选项 D：弥补失去的睡眠。BCD 项都不符合原文。故本题正确答案选 A。
39. What does "kerfuffle" mean in the second paragraph? ( )
A. Benefit
B. Disruption
C. Damage
D. Implication
【答案】B。含义题。第二段的 kerfuffle 是什么意思，定位到原文第二段 as people who lead sedentary lifestyles and often sleep badly are less inclined to work out due to travel restrictions, causing further kerfuffle to their circadian rhythms.可知文中指出由于旅行受限和缺乏锻炼，导致他们的昼夜节律进一步混乱。由下段也可知这让人们有了睡眠障碍，所以应该是 B 项扰乱，打乱。选项 A：利益、好处、救济金;选项 B：扰乱、打乱、中断;选项 C：损害、损毁;选项 D：含义、暗示、牵连。而 kerfuffle 本意为混乱，弄乱。故本题正确答案选 B。
40. What does "sedentary lifestyles" mean in the passage? ( )
A. Suffering sleep disorders.
B. Keeping regular exercises.
C. Remaining sitting and moving less.
D. Travelling a lot.
【答案】C。含义题。定位到原文第二段......as people who lead sedentary lifestyles and often sleep badly are less inclined to work out due to travel restrictions, causing further kerfuffle to their circadian rhythms.可知研究表明，COVID-19 的流行也加深了电视迷和经常锻炼的人在睡眠模式上的分歧，因为那些习惯……并且经常睡眠不好的人由于旅行限制而不太锻炼，从而导致他们的昼夜节律进一步紊乱。是由 and 连接的，而 and 后面表达的是睡眠不好的人旅行受限，可以得知 and 前面也是在说运动得少。因此 C 项符合。选项 A：患有睡眠障碍;选项 B：保持规律的锻炼;选项 C：久坐少动;选项 D：经常旅行。而 sedentary lifestyles意为久坐的生活方式。故本题正确答案选 C。
