Passage 5
The word “globalization” is in daily use throughout the world. Variously referred to as mondialisation in French, globalisierung in German, or Quan qui hua in China (Scholte, 1996), news articles, television, and even textbooks often use the word “globalization” to mean many different things. Author Jan Pieterse (1995) asserts there are almost as many conceptualizations of globalization as there are disciplines in the social sciences. Teachers and scholars in disciplines such as management, marketing, finance, accounting, and economics also use the word “globalization” to mean different things.
For example, some believe globalization is the absence of borders and barriers to trade between nations (Ohmae, 1995), but also it has been described as a shift in traditional patterns of international production, investment, and trade (Dicken, 1992). Another popular conception of globalization is that it is a business strategy that means doing everything the same everywhere (Kanter and Dretler, 1998). Others believe globalization is interconnections between overlapping interests of business and society (Brown, 1992; Renesch, 1992). As you can see, these definitions differ in significant ways. Because definitions, descriptions, and visions of globalization vary widely, it is difficult to know what it means for business to go “global”.
45. Which of the following statement IS NOT implied by the underlined sentence? ( )
A. The conceptions of globalization vary.
B. The disciplines in the social sciences vary.
C. There are less conception of globalization.
D. There are many disciplines in the social sciences.
【答案】C。定位至第 1 段 Author Jan Pieterse (1995) asserts there are almost as many conceptualizations of globalization as there are disciplines in the social sciences.可知他认为对于全球化的概念之多犹如社会科学的分类学科一样。选项 A：全球化的概念不一;选项 B：社会科学分类学科不一;选项 C：全球化概念较少;选项 D：社会科学分类科目很多。结合语境可知选项 C 表述错误，故正确答案是选项 C。
46. Which of the following statement about globalization has no reference? ( )
A. Globalization is a business strategy that means doing everything the same everywhere.
B. Globalization is a shift in traditional patterns of international production, investment, and trade.
C. Globalization is interconnections between different interests of business and society.
D. Globalization is the absence of borders and barriers to trade between nations.
【答案】C。根据第 2 段 some believe globalization is the absence of borders and barriers to trade between nations (选项 D), but also it has been described as a shift in traditional patterns of international production, investment, and trade ( 选 项 B). Another popular conception of globalization is that it is a business strategy that means doing everything the same everywhere (选项 A)可知选项 ABD 表述均正确。根据 Others believe globalization is interconnections between overlapping interests of business and society 可知选项 C 中 different interests 表述错误，原文提到的是 overlapping interests，指“重叠的利益”，而非“不同的利益”，故正确答案是选项C。
47. What probably will be further discussed in the following paragraph? ( )
A. what globalization means for businesses.
B. how definitions differ from each other
C. how businesses go “global”
D. the definition of the term “globalization”
【答案】A。作者最后一段提及了不同概念的“全球化”，但是也提出了一个问题 it is difficult to know what it means for business to go “global”.即很难明白全球化对商业意味着什么。所以接下来作者要描述的主体将是“商业”“全球化”，选项 BD 排除。选项 A：对商业而言，全球化意味着什么;选项 C：商业如何迈入全球化。结合最后遗留的问题，可知作者会针对这个问题做出阐述。故正确答案是选项 A。
